Sonic Scope aims to provide a platform for current students and recent graduates working within audiovisual cultures.
It is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal founded in 2019 in association with Goldsmiths, University of London and MIT Press, publishing annually, or biannually.
In addition to written articles, Sonic Scope welcomes practical submissions, such as ethnographic film, practice-as-research, and audiovisual composition. Submissions can engage with any aspect of audiovisual culture. We are particularly interested in submissions which engage with the following:
Sonic Scope also includes a feature entitled Call & Response. In this feature, each issue sees a scholar or practitioner working within audiovisual cultures poses a question to the Sonic Scope community.
Authors and artists are then invited to respond in any way they feel inspired to do so. Whether written, visual, sonic, or in any other medium, all responses are welcome. Responses are not subject to peer review, but will undergo editing to ensure they adhere to the journal house style.
Calum White
- Editor-in-Chief
University of Edinburgh
Calum White is currently a PhD student at the University of Edinburgh, where he is focusing on the representation of political subtext in the soundtracks of the New Hollywood period. He has previously received a Master’s and Bachelor’s degree in Popular Music Research at Goldsmiths, University of London. His principal areas of research is film music, having explored thematic and subtextual resonance in narrative film soundtracks in his undergraduate dissertation. His master’s research involved exploring surrealism, postmodernism and narrative dissonance in mainstream film soundtracks. Additionally, Calum has explored topics surrounding music video and its influence on post-classical cinema, aesthetics in film, and political, philosophical and economic issues in popular music, from Taylor Swift to Bruce Springsteen. Before beginning his studies at Goldsmiths, Calum acted as a composer-for-hire, writing scores for interactive theatrical performances and local businesses, as well as a solo singer-songwriter, playing consistently throughout the UK.
Rachel Heavey
- Associate Editor
Trinity College Dublin
Rachel Heavey is an artist from Dublin, Ireland. An MMUS Sonic Arts student at Goldsmiths, University of London; she is interested in listening to you: rachelheavey.com
Jay Jolles
- Peer Review Editor
College of William and Mary
Jay Jolles is a PhD student in American Studies at The College of William and Mary. His work lives at the intersection of memory, catastrophe, music, and digital culture. In particular, he is interested in the ways that sound, noise, and music relate to and complicate social relationships, time, and space. Jay has written about Taylor Swift and masculinity, lo-fi beats and neoliberalism, and the cultural phenomenon known as ‘vibes’. He is currently at work on a project about platform and surveillance capitalism that takes as its focus the music-streaming service Spotify.
Beatrice Vorster
- Editorial Coordinator
Goldsmiths, University of London
Beatrice Vorster is a London-based artist engaging with ideas of cinematic haunting, mediated bodies, and communication technologies. She produces audiovisual experiments with recording and reproducing. Recent exhibitions include the cinema at TICK TACK in Antwerp and Geist Enclsure at Studio Ghost 2023 in Tokyo; Not before it has forgotten you at Nicoletti Contemporary; i <3 your output at greengrassi in 2022 in London. She performs and releases music as tape_2046 playing regularly across London spaces and international airwaves.
She graduated from Goldsmiths MA Music: Audiovisual Cultures in 2023 and is a lecturer in Fine Art at the University of the Arts London.
Cameron Naylor
- Production Coordinator
University of Manchester
Cameron Naylor is an electroacoustic composer and sound artist. His research focus is on
compositional methodologies for musical storytelling in fixed media and installation settings. A recipient of the Presidential Doctoral Scholar, he is currently undertaking a PhD at NOVARS Research Centre.
His music has garnered first prize in the Iannis Xenakis International Electronic Music Competition 2023, and the award of distinction at MA/IN23. Further afield his music has been performed and exhibited around the UK and internationally, including the Ars Electronica Festival (Linz, 2023), and the G20 Summit (New Delhi, 2023).
Emily Thomas
- Associate Editor
Goldsmiths, University of London
Emily Thomas is a musician, writer and music marketer based in London, UK. Having recently completed her MA in Music (Audiovisual Cultures) at Goldsmiths, University of London, her work continues to explore the complex relationships between pop culture, audiovisuality and experimentalism on new media platforms. Recent work includes her chapter on Lil Nas X and transmedial radicalism in Bloomsbury Academic’s YouTube and Music (2023), her MA thesis on Rosalía’s TikTokified MOTOMAMI (2023) and her co-authorship of The Icon Catalogue: Techno V1 (2023).
Her residency show on NOODS Radio, Future Pop, delves into the myriad ways by which pop music remains at the helm of innovation. Other musical endeavours include her work alongside Stolen Velour and FLOCO at Opera North as part of the Resonance Residency, alongside performances at The Baths, Hackney Wick and Peckham Audio alongside Euchre as Eyelvl.
Holly Rogers
Reader in Music and Audiovisual Media: Goldsmiths, University of London
Holly Rogers is Reader in Music at Goldsmiths, University of London. Before coming to Goldsmiths, she held research fellowships at University College Dublin and Trinity College Dublin and a Fulbright Scholarship at the DocFilm Institute in San Francisco. She joined Goldsmiths in 2015 after 6 years as founding director for the Research Center For Audiovisual Research at the University of Liverpool. Holly is interested in the convergence of music with the visual arts and moving image media and is author of Sounding the Gallery: Video and the Rise of Art-Music (Oxford University Press, 2013) and co-author of a textbook on twentieth-century musics (Cambridge University Press, 2021). Her edited collections include Music and Sound in Documentary Film (Routledge, 2014), The Music and Sound of Experimental Film (Oxford University Press, 2017), and Transmedia Directors: Artistry, Industry and New Audiovisual Aesthetics (Bloomsbury, 2019). She is a founding editor (with Carol Vernallis and Lisa Perrott) of the Bloomsbury book series New Approaches to Sound, Music and Media.
Atau Tanaka
Professor of Media Computing: Goldsmiths, University of London
Atau Tanaka conducts research in embodied musical and human-computer interaction. He studied under Ivan Tcherepnin at Harvard and with John Chowning at Stanford University’s CCRMA. His first inspirations came upon meeting John Cage during his Norton Lectures and would go on to re-create Cage’s Variations VII. Atau has carried out research at IRCAM Centre Pompidou, as Artistic Ambassador for Apple France, and as researcher at Sony Computer Science Laboratory (CSL) Paris. His performances of muscle interaction in music and networked audiovisual installations have been presented at Ars Electronica, San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (SFMOMA), Eyebeam NYC, Southbank Meltdown London, NTT-ICC Tokyo, and ZKM Karlsruhe. His research has been supported by the European Research Council (ERC), and UK research and arts councils He has been mentor at the UK’s National Endowment for Science, Technology & Art (NESTA) and was Artistic Co-Director of STEIM in Amsterdam and Edgar Varèse guest professor at TU Berlin. He is Professor of Media Computing at Goldsmiths, University of London.
Regan Bowering
Goldsmiths, University Of London
Regan Bowering is a current PhD student in the Music department at Goldsmiths University of London, where she also completed her MA (2020) and UG studies (2019). Her current research explores the intersections of popular music history, technology and audiovisual culture, with a particular focus on rhythm in relation to aesthetic and affective experience. Regan is co-editor-in-chief of Sonic Scope – a new student journal on audiovisual culture. In 2020, she was named runner up for the IASPM Andrew Goodwin Memorial Prize. Prior to studying, she worked for 9 years in music events.
Anders Aktor Liljedahl
University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Anders Aktor Liljedahl is in the final year of his PhD in the Department of Arts and Cultural Studies (musicology section) at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark. His research explores the discursive relationships between music videos and audiovisual studies, and U.S. Black studies.
Bryan Dunphy
Goldsmiths, University Of London
Bryan Dunphy is an audiovisual composer, musician and researcher interested in generative approaches to creating audiovisual art. His work explores the interaction of abstract visual shapes, textures and synthesised sounds. He is interested in exploring strategies for creating, mapping and controlling audiovisual material in real time. His background in music has motivated him to gain a better compositional understanding of the combination of audio and visuals. His recent work has explored the implications of immersive experiences on the established language of screen based audiovisual work. He is currently completing his PhD in art and computational technology at Goldsmiths, University of London.
Budhaditya Bhattacharyya
Durham University
Budhaditya Bhattacharyya is a PhD candidate at Durham University researching musical histories between Bengal and Britain, funded by a Durham Doctoral Studentship. Through simultaneous engagement with oral histories, written records, and audiovisual sources like archival video footage and ephemera, his project documents musical lives of the British Bengali diaspora, primarily in the 20th century. Budhaditya is a Fellow of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, with research interests ranging from music history, ethnomusicology, ecomusicology to music iconography and sound studies, broadly in the context of the Indian subcontinent and its diasporas.
As a Hindustani vocalist, composer, and teacher, Budhaditya specialises in khayāl, and has numerous performances to his credit in India and the UK, besides continental Europe, China and Thailand.
Ellie Berry
University of British Columbia
Ellie Berry is a first-year Cinema and Media Studies Ph.D. student at the University of British Columbia. Her research focuses on the intersections of Sound, Technology and Deaf Studies; examining the role of sound and sound technology in representations of Sign language, deafness and tinnitus in mainstream film and television.
George Reid
Kingston University
George Reid is currently a lecturer in (ludo)musicology at Kingston University, London, and his research interests lie primarily in the fields of ludomusicology, music fan and (sub)cultural studies, vital materialist and queer approaches to audiovisual media and music, and the ways in which audiovisual media and music can engender nostalgia. Kingston University also recently awarded him his PhD in musicology, funded by the AHRC. His thesis developed a new framework to analyse the relationship between music and identity in chiptune fan cultures, with specific focus on the ludomusical interactions between the non/human agencies of technology, memory and body, and timbre.
He is currently preparing to publish his thesis with Amsterdam University Press, and he is co-editor of the forthcoming Chiptune Studies Reader with Oxford University Press. Outside his academic work he enjoys composing chiptune, synthpop, soundtracks to 1980s films and retro video games that never existed, and he is also an avid pixel artist.
Heather Britton
Goldsmiths, University Of London
Heather Britton is a multi-instrumentalist, filmmaker and audiovisual composer, working across multiple mediums and genres. She has recently completed her MA in Creative Practice at Goldsmiths, where she produced EROS, an audiovisual album. Current projects include her band Calluna, a psychedelic shoe-gaze collaboration, and Vulgaris, her experimental audiovisual work. Her extended research interests and practice covers a broad range of topics from sound design to video editing, with a special interest in synchresis and incongruousness in audiovisual composition, as well as being a cinephile with a passion for experimental filmmaking. She is on the editorial board for the journal Sonic Scope and lives in Brighton with her pet rabbit, Zissou.
Henry Balme
Yale University
Henry Balme is a PhD candidate in music history at Yale University specializing in audiovisual media. His dissertation gives the first comprehensive historical account of visual music, a genre of experimental film. He traces its beginnings in Weimar Germany to its eventual integration into the West Coast counterculture in the United States. Henry also outlines a theoretical framework for understanding these films in terms of intermediality. Films analyzed are by Jordan Belson, Mary Ellen Bute, Viking Eggeling, Oskar Fischinger, Harry Smith, Hans Richter, Walter Ruttmann, and the Whitney Brothers. Further research interests include music video and VJ culture. In his teaching, Henry focuses on contemporary popular music.
Holly Shone
University of Bangor
Holly Shone is a PhD student currently studying at Bangor University in North Wales, having completed her undergraduate and master's degree at the same institution. Primarily a musicologist, Holly is focusing on the music of Italian composer Ludovico Einaudi to understand the contrasting critical and public reception of his music, along with a detailed analysis of select pieces from his oeuvre. Her wider research interests include the reception of ‘classical’ music amongst adolescents, and contemporary postminimalist music. Alongside her research, Holly is a pianist for a number of student ensembles at Bangor University, as well as participating as an alto in the University Chamber Choir.
Hugo Craft-Stanley
Goldsmiths, University Of London
Hugo Craft-Stanleyis a Master’s student studying Musicology at Goldsmiths, University of London. Prior to beginning this Master’s degree, he received a First-Class Honours in Music from Goldsmiths in 2019. His present research focuses on the archive of experimental musician and sound poet Lily Greenham, housed in Goldsmiths’ Special Collections, focusing on the difficulty of documenting ephemeral performance moments and exploring the sensory experience of archival objects and sound. He has previously written about contemporary practices of audiovisual self-narration on social media platforms, transmedia and fan participation in popular media franchises, the increasing popularity of musical analysis on YouTube and the role of sound and music in personal and familial memory. As a creative practitioner, Hugo explores songwriting and composition as autobiographical practices and is currently experimenting with sound poetry and free improvisation.
James Denis Mc Glynn
University College Cork
James Denis Mc Glynn is a conductor, composer and PhD Excellence Scholar at University College Cork. His research explores pre-existing music and narration in the film score. As an undergraduate, James founded the UCC Orchestra, resulting in his receipt of a coveted Quercus Creative & Performing Arts Scholarship. In 2017, he was invited to design and deliver courses at Tianmu Arts Training Centre (Suzhou, China). Having been awarded a CACSSS PhD Excellence Scholarship at UCC, James undertook a three-month research residency at the Irish Culturel Centre in Paris, during which time he participated in Michel Chion’s 2018 ‘Audio-Vision’ workshops. As a performer, James has worked extensively with the Irish Gamelan Orchestra, performing in the International Gamelan Festival (Central Java, Indonesia) in 2018. Recently, IGO performed the score for Gare St. Lazare’s ‘How It Is (Part 2)’, starring Conor Lovett and Stephen Dillane (Game of Thrones, The Crown). The show begins a 17-show residency at the Coronet Theatre, London [rescheduled due to COVID-19].
James Millea
University of Liverpool
James Millea is originally from the Republic of Ireland. He has just been awarded his PhD from the University of Liverpool, where he also spent a number of years as a part-time lecturer in the Department of Music. Funded by the National University of Ireland (NUI), where he became a Travelling Student in Music in 2016, his doctoral research explores the relationship between hip hop music and the narrative film soundscape in New Black Realism, independent Black American cinema of the 1990s. Generally, his research interests sit at the intersection of popular music and audiovisual media. As well as speaking at various conferences and invited talks across Ireland and the UK, James has published his research on both sides of the Atlantic, with his most recent work appearing in the upcoming Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Music (2020).
Jennifer Smith
University of Huddersfield
Jennifer Smith is a PhD candidate currently in her writing up year at the University of Huddersfield. Her PhD research is a critical analysis of the voice as a worldbuilding tool in role-playing video games, specifically identifying voices as identifiers of video game environments and character characteristics. Her MA by research contributed to the understanding of flow and immersion in indie video game soundtracks, and she has co-hosted and organised an RMA Study Day at the University of Huddersfield entitled 'Constructing the Moving Image: Identity and the Soundtrack'.
Jilliene Sellner
Goldsmiths, University Of London
Jilliene Sellner is a Canadian sound artist and PhD researcher (Goldsmiths) currently based in the UK. She has been field recording and playing with sound since she was a child and podcasting for over a decade. She has an undergraduate degree from Simon Fraser University in Canada and an MFA from UCA in the UK. She has contributed to Tse Tse Fly Middle East and regularly produces episodes for Framework Radio which explore decolonialism and gender in field recording. She has composed sound for several international artists’ video work and provides training for non-profit organisations and activists in podcasting. Her practice concentrates on collaboration, phonography, composing for installation, 'radio' and video and curating/producing live networked performances. Jilliene's research is a practice based co-creation project with female experimental music artists in the Middle East.
Julian Day
Columbia University, School of the Arts
Julian Day is an Australian artist, composer and writer based in New York.
Day’s work frames sound as a social and civic practice that reveals hidden power dynamics by stealth. This plays out in individual artworks (performance, sculpture, installation, video, text) and projects such as Super Critical Mass in which temporary communities articulate public spaces with interdependent actions.
Day has presented work in the California Pacific Triennial, Asia Pacific Triennial, Adelaide Biennial of Australian Art, Museum of Contemporary Art Australia, Huddersfield Contemporary Music Festival, Bang On A Can Marathon, MATA, Spitalfields Music Festival, Jewish Museum, Whitechapel Gallery, Fridman Gallery, Institute of Modern Art, Artspace and Australian Centre for Contemporary Art.
Day has presented programs and features on ABC and BBC radio, interviewing such leading figures as Vito Acconci, Laurie Anderson, Christian Wolff and Pauline Oliveros, and has published in Tempo Journal, Leonardo Music Journal, Contemporary Music Review, Runway and Limelight.
Kaapo Huttunen
University of Helsinki
Kaapo Huttunen is from Finland and graduated from the University of Helsinki, with a master's thesis on the music and sound design in contemporary Finnish mainstream cinema. Now, in the University of Turku, he is doing a PhD on the music and sound design in audiovisual Nordic Noir. He also work as a composer, writing music mainly for film and television, but also radio plays, art exhibits, theatre, etc.
Lee Scott Newcombe
Goldsmiths, University Of London
Lee Scott Newcombe is a sound sculptor, sonic painter, temporal choreographer and instrument inventor. Newcombe attended Dartington College of Arts, receiving a BA(Hons) in Music Composition. During this period, he collaborated in multiple projects, performing extensively across the UK and Europe. Newcombe went on to study at the University of Sussex, completing an MA in Music Composition. He formed two performing groups to present his works: eNSembLe and XPERIMENT/PUBLIK, which went on to win the Brighton Fringe art industry showcase award.
Newcombe currently resides in London, where he is studying for a PhD at Goldsmiths, researching the temporal natures of sound and movement with his own bespoke instruments. He is investigating the concept of 'revolution' in composition and performance and how this differs from repetition through linear sequences resulting in non-linear outcomes.
Luka Stojanovic
University of Cambridge
Luka Stojanovic holds an Honours BA with Specialization in Philosophy from the University of Ottawa (2018) and an MPhil in Film and Screen Studies from the University of Cambridge (2019). His research interests include the environmental humanities, posthumanism, and critical plant studies.
Pete Jiadong Qiang
Goldsmiths, University Of London
Pete Jiadong Qiang is currently a PhD candidate in arts and computational technology at Goldsmiths, University of London and trained in architecture at Architectural Association School of Architecture (AA). Pete's work focuses on the specific investigation of the bridges and interstices between pictorial, architectural and game spaces. Pete's works range from architectural drawings, paintings, moving images to augmented reality (AR) drawings, virtual reality (VR) paintings and video games. It forms an idiosyncratic cosmotechnics of research methods. It intra-acts of the physical and virtual spaces with ACGN (Anime, Comic, Game and Novel), fandom and digital ethnographic contexts. Pete Jiadong Qiang is often referred as architectural Maximalism.
Prokhor Kuznetsov
University of Bristol
Prokhor Kuznetsov is currently an MA student in the Composition of Music for Film and Television at the University of Bristol. Originally from Saint-Petersburg Russia, he received his BMus in Popular Music from Goldsmiths, University of London in 2019. In addition to his creative practice as a media composer and songwriter, Prokhor's academic research explores film music and popular song.
Raymond Sookram
Goldsmiths, University of London
Raymond Sookram is a composer, pianist, drummer, writer, associate lecturer and current student in the PhD pathway in Music at Goldsmiths, University of London. His present research concerns the simultaneous receptions of video game music and concept of character when experienced by gamers and viewers alike across several media platforms, a phenomenon known as transmedia. Raymond’s academic focus has broadened within and beyond video game music to encompass major popular musical works and political expression in music. Recent research includes examinations on transmedial sound and parody of the Batman franchise within Level 2 of The Simpsons Game and the argument for politicised speech as a form of popular music. Alongside his research, Raymond has released albums which focus on ambient sound textures and the acceptance of mistakes and wrong notes during improvisations.
Samiran Culbert
University of Newcastle
Samiran Culbert is an AHRC Northern Bridge PhD Candidate in Newcastle University’s International Centre for Music Studies (ICMuS) and Media, Culture, and Heritage (MCH) departments. His thesis details the ways in which grieving practices have been changed by social media sites, via the prism of musician’s deaths, particularly through the concepts of narrative, memory, nostalgia, mythology, social media theory, technology studies, and persona. He has previously completed a BA and MA at University of Liverpool’s IPM, where he specialised in popular music history, nostalgia, and the media. He teaches seminars and workshops at Newcastle University on popular culture, new media, and popular music.
Sanna Qvick
University of Turku
Sanna Qvick is a doctoral candidate in musicology at University of Turku (Finland). Her doctoral thesis “Captivating film sounds: Sonic narration and world-making in the soundtracks of Finnish fairy tale films” focuses on the world-making ability of the soundtrack while highlighting its immersion powers. Her research material consists of six Finnish fairy tale films released during a time period over 50 years. Her methodology rests on close reading, narratology, audio-visual and music analysis. The main part of her work has been funded by Finnish Cultural Foundation.
Qvick is part of a research project in Finnish Contemporary Music in the 21st Century: Cultural and Social Significance of Art Music in the Postmodern World (project leader Dr. S. Välimäki, funded by Kone Foundation). Also, she has been a board member of The Finnish Musicological Society (2013–2016).
Shelley Calhoun-Scullion
Goldsmiths, University Of London
Shelley Calhoun-Scullion is a PhD student in the Music department at Goldsmiths University, and is an artist who works in visual and aural cultures, previously exhibiting work within moving image, video installations and found footage-which she presented under the artist name “Shelley Rae”. Her practice now includes assemblage of pre-existing recorded sounds, real person narratives and music. Shelley’s collaged work represents the fragmentation and invisibility of Michigan’s African-American and immigrant industrial proletariat, through oral histories and cultural sound artefacts. Shelley’s research examines the unseen acts of resistance between socialists and communist workers, labour organisers, black workers, and the resulting culture of prosperity within automotive cities of Detroit and Flint Michigan. She appropriates recorded moments of “infrapolitics” (James C. Scott’s definition of the struggled waged daily by subordinate groups who function beyond the visual spectrum) through curated sound and music samples to bring attention to the dissonant noise of the subversive space of Michigan.
Sophie Benn
Case Western Reserve University
Sophie Benn enjoys a multifaceted career as a musicologist and cellist. A PhD Candidate in musicology at Case Western Reserve University, she studies notation and the performing body in dance and music theory in late nineteenth-century and early modernist aesthetics. She has presented at conferences for the Dance Studies Association, the American Musicological Society, the German Studies Association, the Society for American Music, the International Association of Music Librarians, and numerous graduate-level and regional conferences. She serves as the Chair of the Dance Studies Association’s Music and Dance Working Group. Sophie also maintains an active career as a cellist, specializing in modernist and contemporary repertoire. She is a founding Co-Director of Cleveland Uncommon Sound Project (CUSP), a presenting organization for experimental contemporary musicians and sound artists. Sophie also performs as a baroque cellist, and, drawing on a childhood spent in the ballet studio, has appeared as a baroque dancer in productions of Hippolyte et Aricie, Dido and Aeneas and Acis and Galatea. Sophie is the author of the forthcoming bibliography on the cello for Oxford Bibliographies Online.
Zachary Diaz
University of Bristol
Zachary Diaz is a PhD Student in Musicology at the University of Bristol. His doctoral dissertation focuses on the music of the late hip-hop producer J Dilla. He is also a hip-hop producer himself, having released several instrumental hip-hop projects under the Manchester-based record label Beatsupply and Bristol-based label Echo World. His research and lectures focus on hip-hop production, the history of digital sampling, and global beat-making cultures.
Burns, Lori
Professor of Music: University of Ottawa, Canada
Code, David
Reader in Music University of Glasgow, UK
Coleman, Kwami
Assistant Professor of Musicology: New York University, USA
Collins, Karen
Associate Professor of Game Sound: University of Waterloo, Canada
Daniels, Dieter
Professor of Art History and Media Theory: Academy of Fine Arts Leipzig, Germany
Donnelly, Kevin
Professor of Film and Film Music: University of Southampton, UK
Gardiner, Ian
Senior Lecturer in Music: Goldsmiths, University of London, UK
Garrelfs, Iris
Lecturer in Sonic Arts: Goldsmiths, University of London, UK
Gibson, Steve
Associate Professor of Innovative Digital Media: Northumbria University, UK
Gorbman, Claudia
Professor Emeritus: University of Washington, USA
Greenan, Richard
Manager at NX Records: Goldsmiths, University of London, UK
Jenkins, Henry
Provost Professor of Communication, Journalism and Cinematic Arts: University of Southern California, USA
Kara, Selmin
Associate Professor of Film and New Media Studies: OCAD University, Canada
Knight-Hill, Andrew
Senior Lecturer in Sound Design and Music Technology: University of Greenwich, UK
McGrath, John
Lecturer in Music: University of Surrey, UK
Perrott, Lisa
Senior Lecturer in Screen and Media Studies: University of Waikato, NZ
Smith, Jeff
Professor of Communication Arts: University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
Vernallis, Carol
Affiliated Researcher in Music: Stanford, USA
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